Everything about Andreas Joseph Hofmann totally explained
Andreas Joseph Hofmann (
July 14,
1752 -
September 6,
1849) was a
German philosopher and revolutionary active in the
Republic of Mainz. As Chairman of the Rhenish-German National Convention, the earliest parliament in Germany based on the principle of
popular sovereignty, he proclaimed the first
republican state in Germany, the
Rhenish-German Free State, on
March 18,
1793.. After the early death of his parents, he was educated by his uncle Franz Xaver Fahrmann, professor of
moral theology at the
University of Würzburg. After a year at a
Jesuit seminary, Hofmann studied law at the
University of Mainz and at the University of Würzburg.
Revolutionary in Mainz
After some years at the
Reichshofrat in
Vienna, Hofmann was forced to leave due to his critical publications and returned to Mainz in 1784, where he was hired at the University during the progressive reforms by Elector
Friedrich Karl von Erthal. He taught
History of Philosophy until 1791, when he became chair of
natural justice. Hofmann was a liberal and progressive thinker (for instance, he supported the use of
German instead of
Latin in University lectures). However, he became disillusioned with the pace of the reforms in Mainz and welcomed the
French Revolution from the start. As he declared his support openly in his lectures, he was soon spied on by the Mainz authorities. However, before the investigation of his activities had progressed beyond the questioning of his students, the archbishop and his court fled from the advancing French troops under
General Custine, who arrived in Mainz on
October 21,
1792.
Two days later, Hofmann helped found the Mainz
Jacobin club and became one of its most active members. A popular and powerful orator, he criticised both the old regime of the Elector and the French military government in his speeches, which were especially supported by the more radical students. Hofmann lectured in the rural areas of the French occupied territory, calling for support of the general elections in February and March 1793 which he helped organize. He was elected into the Rhenish-German National Convention as a representative of Mainz After a short period in the military, he was sent to London on a military espionage mission. However, he was recognized and reported to the authorities by his former student
Klemens Wenzel von Metternich.
After Napoleon's defeat and the return of Mainz to German control, Hofmann moved to his wife's estates in
Winkel, where he spent the rest of his life until his death in September 1849.
Works
- Der Aristokraten-Katechismus. Ein wunderschönes Büchlein, Mainz 1792
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